Thyroid Health: Why This Small Gland Has a Big Role

Did you know that one in five people have an enlarged thyroid and one in ten have thyroid dysfunction? These problems are becoming more common.

Your thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, but it controls your metabolism and energy. It makes hormones called T3 and T4, which help your body use energy, stay warm, and keep your brain, heart, and muscles working well.

When your thyroid doesn’t work properly, you may feel tired, anxious, cold or hot, and gain or lose weight easily.

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

This is when your thyroid makes too few hormones. You feel tired, gain weight, and feel cold. Over 90% of cases are caused by an autoimmune disease called Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)

This is when your thyroid makes too many hormones. You may feel restless, lose weight, sweat more, and sleep poorly. It is often caused by Graves’ disease.

• Iodine: Found in fish, seaweed, milk, and eggs. Needed to make thyroid hormones.

• Selenium: Found in fish, Brazil nuts, lentils, and cheese. Supports hormone production.

• Iron: Needed for thyroid function. Found in red meat, beans, and spinach.

Vitamins A, B12, and D are also important for a healthy thyroid.

A healthy gut microbiome helps your body absorb nutrients like iodine and selenium. Bad gut bacteria can lead to autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Eat regular meals, avoid too many carbs (like bread and pasta), and eat more vegetables, good proteins, and healthy fats. This helps balance your metabolism and supports gut and thyroid health.

Your thyroid may be small, but it has a huge impact on your body. By eating the right foods and caring for your gut, you can help keep your thyroid — and your whole body — healthy.